Apparatus for condensing distilled vapors



Dec. 18 T1923. 1 ,478,206

G. DE BTHUNE APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING DISTILLED VAPORS Filed May 12,1925 Patented Dec, 18, 1923. My

entree er an as earner oarica traits as amnesia, or masters, BELGIUM.

rename res assassins mamas vistas.

nppl ication'iile'd may 12,1923. Serial no. 638,442.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be; it known that l, GAs'roN nnBr'irrrUNE, citizen "(or subject) of'theKing of the Belgians, residing at-Brussels, ins-the Kingdom of Belgium,have.invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus forCondensing. Distilled Vapors, of which the following is a specification.1

This invention relates toimprovementsinapparatus forconden singdistilled vapors and comprises apparatus by means of which automaticallythe temperature and the pressure can be lowered gradually and' to a"pro- 11 these conditions the vapors circulating in the various chambersare condensed by contact with the walls, and th ilproduots ofcondensation from each chambfer maybe collectedat the lower end ofthe-latter. y

A set of concentric tubes is provided constituting chambers throughwhich thevapor passes. Such a set can form-a complcte condensingapparatus,ior seyeralsets can benrreversed every! time the said vaporsenter a ranged in concentric chambers "so-ythat the vapors to becondensed are caused togfi'ow through them either in series or'inparallel.

= Constructions according to the invention are illustrated by way ofexample in 'the c v soon as theapparatus is working fully thetemperature lowers automatically at fined accompanying drawing.

Figure 1 shows diagrammatically vertical section and Figure 2 shows inhorizontalsection, a one-element apparatus. a

Figure 3 shows diagrammatically i'npl'a'n and F ig; 4 in verticalsectio-n,' an apparatus comprising a number of elements: similar to thatshown in Fig. 1, these various elements being mounted in concentric:chambers throu'ghwhich pass successively the vapors to be condensed. g

v In the construction shown in Fig.1,- the apparatus comprises three Iconcentric tubes, 1, 2 and 3 connected together; atone end 4 by agas-tight joint and formingitogethcr concentric chambers 5', 6,17'closedat the lower en'dby cups 8, 9 and10 whichform gas tight joints.with the tubes and which collect the products of condensation.

I dium to a last tube. I

I In thesaidconstruction the central tube 1 forming the 'c'ha'mber'o, isconnected to an inlet '5,,underatmospheric or higher pressure. The wallof the tube 1 is provided at its lower end with openings or ports 11functioningas outlets from the chamber 5 :and inlets to the chamber 6constituted by the tube 2. 1

'lhc latteris provided at the upper portion ad Oinmg the main inlet 5'with further openings'or ports 12 forming outlets from the chamber '6andinlets to the chamber constituted by the third tube; The vapors to becondensed enter the central chamber 5 through the inlet 5' leave itthrough the ports 11, enter, the chamber =6'and thence "pass into thechamber 7 through the ports 12 from which theyescape through the ports'13 of the tube 3, either into the atmosphere or int'o'a suitablechamber which maybe connected to an exhauster if necessary; r l

While thev'aporsfare circulated as above described, the products ofcondensation are :points in the temp'erature scale, in such amanner-that if the temperature-of the vapor when entering the firstchamber is t", the

passage through the first chamber reduces it from tto t through thesecond chamber from to t and so on until a temperature of t is reachedin the last chamber, which -latter tem'perature can be maintained constant, by supplying a heating or cooling mecasing or jacketsurroundingthe The pressure may be lo-weredosimultaneously with thetemperature. The working of the apparatus is therefore controlled by Ythe combined 'action (l) of the variations of volume-wh ch" arefunctions'of the geometric dimensions of the various chambers,

and (2) of the absorption of heat or of the radiation by the walls ofthetubes. 7

As generally speaking the volume of any chamber is greater than that ofthe preced ing chamber, the temperature and pressure of the vapor arereduced owing to expansion. On the other hand, contact with the warmerwall of the preceding chamber, results in increasing the saidtemperature and pres sure.

The heat taken from a particular wall is however partiall transferred tothe wall of the next tube w ich is at a lower tempera-.

ture. c a

The'action of radiation ma be accelerated or retarded at willbyproviding the tubes or a particular tube with a jacket-or casing forthe conveyance of heat or for cooling until the required temperature isreached.

It will be understood that by combining the two effects hereinbeforespecified, itis;

possible to determine for each chamber two fixed limits of temperatureta at the inlet and he at the outlet) as close together as may bedesired, so that the products tobe con densed can be obtained withinthese limits.

provided that the factors of temperature, pressure and rate of flowprevailing at the inlet to the first chamber, and at the outlet from thelast, are suitably determined.

The area of the openings or ports between one chamber and the next maybe such as to produce,.or not,- a wire-drawing action upon .thevapor tobe distilled. If the vapor enters the first chamberat atmospheric pres-'sure, it is caused to leavethe last-chamber by means of an exhauster. Asan alterna-. tive, the vapor maybe supplied under pres-- sure to thefirst chamber; in such a case the said vapor leaves the last one atatmospheric pressure, or is drawn therefrom by an exhausten 7 Theapparatus described in thelforegoing may either be self-contained ormaybeone. of a number of elements of a condensing ap paratus. In thelattericase'several elements are combined andthe vapors to be condensedpass through the elementssuccessively.

Figures 3 and 4 show a construction of an apparatus with a number of.elements. In

the said construction the Whole apparatus is I constituted b threesuccessive chambers .17,

18 and-19, each containing elements constructed as hereinbeforedescribed. The cen-v tral chamber .17 contains a main element whilst.theconcentric chambersl8 and 19 each contain elementsof smallerdimensions intended to, increase the efliciency of the apparatus. y

The vapors pass through the main inlet20 into the central tube of theelement in the chamber '17. They-flow thereafter through the chambers21,22 and23 and on'escaping from the chamber 23, rise between the wallof the latter and the walliof the chamber 17 chamber to: they nextp-chamberand pass through a number of inlet pipes 24.- into chambers 25mounted in parallel in the chamber 18. .On their escape from each element contained in the chamber 18, the vapors rise in the latter alongits outer Wall and pass ultimately through the inlet pipes 26 into theelements arranged in the cham ber l9 whence they finallyescape through asuitable discharge device.

In this construction, the products ofcondensation in the variouschambers of each elementare not. collected separately and discharged asin the case of element shown in Fig. 1, but'theyare emulsified by thevapor 1 escaping from the central chamber'of each a element for instanceat 27. The presence of fine emulsified drops in each element in-'creases here in a very large proportion the products takes place. Theproducts condensed in each principal chamber 17, 18, 19

surface on which .the condensation of new are collected at the lowerportion 28. of the .The various elements may obviously be connected inseries so that'the vapors pass through them successively. 1

said chambers and discharged through pipes In the constructionsdescribed, each @15 ment is supposedto comprise an odd mum-1f .ber oftubes. However if. the-numberof tubes is even the inlet will beat thelower end of the central tube. I r It is clear that the working of theapparatus may-be watched by providingthermometers at'suitable p ints inthe chamber;

What I'claim isz.

. r 1. In an apparatus, ofthe kind described 5 condensing elementscomprising tubes arranged one within the other and forming a centralchamber'and concentric surrounding chambers, a multiplicity of saidelements. be,

ing mounted-in principal concentric cham- 7 here whereby the vaporscirculatingthrough the principal concentricchambers are caused tocirculate through the said condensing ele- 7 M5 principal concentricments before' passing from one principal 2. In an apparatus. of thekinddescribedf tube arranged one within the other and? forming concentricchambers of gradually increased volume from the inside to the out-- sideof the apparatus and condensingelements arrangedin thesaid chambers;each use apparatus fromthe inside to the outside and part'of theconcentric chambersl I .means whereby the products of condensation Iofthe vapors are discharged from the'lower 3. In a condensing element ofthe kind described three concentric tubes comprising a central inlettube extending near the bottom of a second concentric tube, the saidsecond tube being closed at its lower end and open at its upper end,whereby products of condensation are retained in the said second tube tobe emulsified by the circulating vapors, and a third concentric tubeclosed at its w upper end and open at its lower end, wherename to thisspecification at Brussels, this 16 25th day of April, 1923.

GASTON Witnesses:

J. BERDEN. F, Y. ZOONY.

DE BETHUNE.

